Deployments and environments

Deployment protection rules

Deployment protection rules require specific conditions to pass before a job referencing the environment can proceed. You can use deployment protection rules to require a manual approval, delay a job, or restrict the environment to certain branches. You can also create and implement custom protection rules powered by GitHub Apps to use third-party systems to control deployments referencing environments configured on GitHub.

Third-party systems can be observability systems, change management systems, code quality systems, or other manual configurations that you use to assess readiness before deployments are safely rolled out to environments.

Required reviewers

Use required reviewers to require a specific person or team to approve workflow jobs that reference the environment. You can list up to six users or teams as reviewers. The reviewers must have at least read access to the repository. Only one of the required reviewers needs to approve the job for it to proceed.

You also have the option to prevent self-reviews for deployments to protected environments. If you enable this setting, users who initiate a deployment cannot approve the deployment job, even if they are a required reviewer. This ensures that deployments to protected environments are always reviewed by more than one person.

For more information on reviewing jobs that reference an environment with required reviewers, see Überprüfen von Bereitstellungen.

Wait timer

Use a wait timer to delay a job for a specific amount of time after the job is initially triggered. The time (in minutes) must be an integer between 1 and 43,200 (30 days). Wait time will not count towards your billable time.

Deployment branches and tags

Use deployment branches and tags to restrict which branches and tags can deploy to the environment. Below are the options for deployment branches and tags for an environment:

• No restriction: No restriction on which branch or tag can deploy to the environment.

• Protected branches only: Only branches with branch protection rules enabled can deploy to the environment. If no branch protection rules are defined for any branch in the repository, then all branches can deploy. For more information about branch protection rules, see Informationen zu geschützten Branches.

  Hinweis

  Deployment workflow runs triggered by tags with the same name as a protected branch and forks with branches that match the protected branch name cannot deploy to the environment.

• Selected branches and tags: Only branches and tags that match your specified name patterns can deploy to the environment.

  If you specify releases/* as a deployment branch or tag rule, only a branch or tag whose name begins with releases/ can deploy to the environment. (Wildcard characters will not match /. To match branches or tags that begin with release/ and contain an additional single slash, use release/*/*.) If you add main as a branch rule, a branch named main can also deploy to the environment. For more information about syntax options for deployment branches, see the Ruby File.fnmatch documentation.

  Hinweis

  Namensmuster müssen einzeln für Branches oder Tags konfiguriert werden.

Allow administrators to bypass configured protection rules

By default, administrators can bypass the protection rules and force deployments to specific environments. For more information, see Überprüfen von Bereitstellungen.

Alternatively, you can configure environments to disallow bypassing the protection rules for all deployments to the environment.

Custom deployment protection rules

Du kannst deine eigenen benutzerdefinierten Regeln für den Bereitstellungsschutz aktivieren, um Bereitstellungen mit Drittanbieterdiensten zu schützen. Sie können z. B. Dienste wie Datadog, Honeycomb und ServiceNow verwenden, um automatisierte Genehmigungen für Bereitstellungen in GitHub zu ermöglichen. For more information, see Erstellen von benutzerdefinierten Regeln für den Bereitstellungsschutz.

Once custom deployment protection rules have been created and installed on a repository, you can enable the custom deployment protection rule for any environment in the repository. For more information about configuring and enabling custom deployment protection rules, see Konfigurieren von benutzerdefinierten Regeln für den Bereitstellungsschutz.

Environment secrets

Secrets stored in an environment are only available to workflow jobs that reference the environment. If the environment requires approval, a job cannot access environment secrets until one of the required reviewers approves it. For more information about secrets, see Secrets.

Environment variables

Variables stored in an environment are only available to workflow jobs that reference the environment. These variables are only accessible using the vars context. For more information, see Speichern von Informationen in Variablen.